How the Maid Made a Difference Essay Example for Free

How the Maid Made a Difference Essay Maid in Manhattan is one of the many Hollywood movies which portrayed the typical fairytale cliche—a love that went wrong but with the couple eventually ending happily ever after. The movie rose above the usual chick flicks in the industry through its capitalistic twist, nonetheless. Marisa Ventura, the hotel maid and single mother from the Bronx, and Chris Marshall, a successor to an American political dynasty, crossed paths and consequently fell into each others’ hands and hearts. The on-screen chemistry of the two artists, as well as the romantic, light, and interesting flow of the plot evidently captivated millions of audience worldwide. Not many, however, might have seen the presence of a deeper elaboration of significant and pressing issues in the movie. An allegory regarding ethnicity and culture, Maid in Manhattan was successful in revealing the ongoing plight of Latin immigrants in the United States. Due to their brown skin color, native tongue, and diverse beliefs, these individuals have been usually employed in blue-collar jobs, as depicted in the movie. The hotel in which Marisa worked in was headed by purely white Americans, with brown-bloods like her assigned for housekeeping. When Marisa’s friend pushed her into applying for the vacated managerial position, she initially declined due to the fact that black or brown was and still remains to be the opposite of white in terms of class status. Aside from the manager application scene, a number of other portions in the movie clearly showcased the same idea in order to emphasize the continuous emergence of cultural inequity. Marisa and Chris’ romance flourished despite their differences in ethnicity and culture. It is necessary to note, however, that during the first time Chris saw Marisa, he did not take notice of her since she was merely a hotel maid cleaning the senatorial candidate’s bathroom. Once Marisa donned the white Dolce and Gabbana suit of Caroline, one of the hotel guests, Marisa turned from ugly duckling into a beautiful swan in the eyes of Chris. This, indeed, is an example of commodification of identity. According to Knadler, this idea signifies the strong power of products and commodities in developing a political representation in society. Unfortunately, however, the political voice and visibility of an American usually depends on his â€Å"whiteness† or financial capacity. As shown in the movie, the physical appearance of Marisa greatly affected how Chris admired and understood her. In addition, it seemed that if the politician met Marisa as her real self, the profoundness of her political opinions with respect to issues such as electoral publicity and housing programs would seem less believable and significant for him. Hence, it can be said that intelligence is inevitably correlated to social class. Caroline’s friend Rachel also judged Marisa’s intellectual capacity during another suite scene. Rachel’s remark that Marisa knew only little English for she was of Latin descent visibly portrayed political prejudice based merely on the difference between skin pigmentation. This kind of misconception is known as victimization ideology, the power and control of vital social institutions to create weakness in a certain class or group (Faun). Unfortunately, this power and control is defined by monetary value. The financially deprived thus continue to end up as underdogs in the field, leaving them lower than they already are. Nevertheless, these conflicts should not be blamed solely outside the group of American immigrants. They, too, are internally outlawed by their own political and social inhibitions. Brown-bloods like Marisa learned to depend too much on the norms readily established in the society that they overlook the fact that these norms are merely standards; these do not dictate yet only inform them how they should live their lives based on a historical point of view that is not their own. It was Marisa’s mother, though, who was significantly captured by these biases and discrimination that she was the one directly trying to put her daughter down. She saw Marisa as a housekeeper and only as a housekeeper for, according to her, that is what the society has supposedly established for Marisa. This limited and narrow outlook regarding one’s concept of self is hence determined and shaped by both outward and inward influences. Maid in Manhattan successfully utilized the abovementioned scenes in order to bring forth an image explaining how cultural differences greatly affect social and working relations to its audience. However, the way in which the viewers comprehend this image is dependent on what group these people hail from. In my opinion, if it were a white-skinned audience, these specific scenes may imply how American immigrants are dedicated to their jobs, whatever this may be. Conversely, if those who are watching this film are of the same heritage as Marisa, then their perception of the movie would be fairly different. In my opinion, the movie serves as a venue for American immigrants to shatter borders and to assimilate themselves with the white culture. This act of multicultural integration remains to be their aspiration—their dream—in a world divided by money and power. Moreover, the brown-skinned audience would very much appreciate a film regarding their own social and political plight. Despite the â€Å"white-washing† of entertainment nowadays, films like these are still produced in the attempt to introduce the culture of the Latin descent and to communicate change in society (â€Å"Ethnic†). Visibility in Media is indeed a positive and necessary step in order to create more meaningful grounds for the harmony and amalgamation of ethnicities. This multicultural integration in Maid in Manhattan is denoted by two symbols, both related metaphorically to Chris and Marisa’s marriage. First is the actual bind of person-to-person through matrimony. In the context of the movie, nevertheless, the connection established was between and among races. This signifies the mergence of people, no matter what their skin complexion is, where they came from, or how much they earn monthly. In addition, the main characters’ marriage represented the unity of ideologies and cultures that define both parties. Individuals may co-exist with each other despite the differences of their beliefs, traditions, and lifestyles as long as they learn to compromise and adapt to each other’s way of living. These two concepts of â€Å"marriage† in Maid in Manhattan uphold egalitarianism, â€Å"a social philosophy advocating the removal of inequalities among people† (Weebies). Though the battle for human and racial equality is still not completely won, there will always be hope not only in the future but in one’s self. â€Å"Although we serve them, we are not their servants. What we do does not define who we are. What defines us is how we rise after falling,† shared Lionel, Marisa’s co-housekeeper in the hotel. Indeed, classes may rise and fall. Mistakes may be done once or all over again. Money can change or damage. Love can make us happy or sad. Whatever occurs in our lifetime, one thing remains the same: we are all humans—humans like everyone else, humans who can make a difference. We just have to believe that we can create our own identity and destiny. Works Cited â€Å"Ethnic and Visible Minorities in Entertainment Media. † Media Issues. 2008. Media Awareness Network. 10 Apr. 2008 http://www. media-awareness. ca/english/issues/ stereotyping/ethnics_and_minorities/minorities_entertainment. cfm. Faun, Feral. â€Å"The Ideology of Victimization. † Insurgent Desire. 1992. Black and Green Network. 10 Apr. 2008 http://www. insurgentdesire. org. uk/victimization. htm. Knadler, S. â€Å"Blanca from the Block: Whiteness and the Transnational Latina Body. † Genders Online Journal. 2005. Anne Kibbey. 10 Apr. 2008 http://www. genders. org/g41/g41_ knadler. html. Maid in Manhattan. Dir. Wayne Wang. Per. Jennifer Lopez, Ralph Fiennes, Natasha Richardson, Bob Hoskins, and Kevin Wade. Revolution Studios Distribution Company, 2002. Weebies. â€Å"Egalitarianism: The Holy Grail of Socialism. † Strike The Root. 2004. 10 Apr. 2008 http://www. strike-the-root. com/4/weebies/weebies5. html.

Survey of Satisfaction with College Facilities

Survey of Satisfaction with College Facilities Assignment 1 1. Plan for collection of Primary data and secondary data Primary data is the data which is collected directly from the field, i.e., it is first hand data and the secondary data is collected from some other source, i.e. second hand data. In this given problem primary data can be collected through interview to the Students and Staffs of the college. A Questionnaire will be prepared which will be filled up on the response of these individuals. Based on the information provided by them the database will be prepared and thus the primary data will be collected. In case of secondary data, the data could be collected from any organization / department which collects the school/college data or from any journal or from any Researcher. 2. Present the survey methodology and sampling frame used There are different areas in the college which are simultaneously used both by the Students of the college as well as the Staffs of the college. Considering those area alongwith few other he questionnaire is prepared. The survey will be then conducted on the basis of that and a selected sample will be chosen randomly from the students and from the staffs. Here since one has to plan a survey methodology, first thing which has to be done is to identify the sample members. For this purpose a total number of 50 individuals may be selected form70 students and 30 staffs taking 50% from each group (that is 35+15=50). Now, the Interview method will be used here for collection of data. Data on satisfaction level of each individual will be collected on different variables. Once the sampling units is finalized, sampling frame needed to be done. Sampling frame is basically the area/ space from where the sampling is to be done. Here one has to see whether all the units in the population are avail able in the sample. List of students and staffs must be representative of all classes and segments of the college. The level of satisfaction will be coded as 5= very good, 4= good, 3= average, 2= bad, 1= very bad, in five categories, following Likert scaling. 3. Design a questionnaire to know the opinion of students and staff on the matter Gender†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Origin †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Age†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Very good Good Average Bad Very Bad How much satisfied are you on the overall infrastructure of the college? How much satisfied will you be if Laundry facilities are available? How much satisfied are you with the Hostel facilities of the college? How much satisfied are you with the gym? How much satisfied are you with the parking facility of the college? How much satisfied are you on the toilet facilities? How much satisfied are you on the structure of labs in the college? 4. Information for decision making by summarizing data using representative values The data collected from the after the survey is recoded as per Likert scaling and is as below: How much satisfied are you on the overall infrastructure of the college? How much satisfied will you be if Laundry facilities are available? How much satisfied are you with the Hostel facilities of the college? How much satisfied are you with the gym? How much satisfied are you with the parking facility of the college? How much satisfied are you on the toilet facilities? How much satisfied are you on the structure of labs in the college? 1 4 2 2 5 2 2 4 2 5 4 4 2 3 4 2 3 3 2 2 4 2 2 4 4 5 1 1 2 4 3 4 5 4 2 2 1 2 5 4 6 1 4 2 2 1 2 4 7 2 2 4 4 2 4 2 8 5 3 2 2 4 5 5 9 3 5 1 3 2 2 4 10 4 2 2 5 3 2 2 11 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 12 5 5 2 5 2 4 2 13 2 2 3 4 4 1 4 14 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 15 5 4 4 4 4 3 4 16 3 4 2 4 2 2 4 17 2 1 1 4 1 1 2 18 4 2 2 5 2 2 5 19 5 3 4 4 4 3 4 20 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 21 4 1 3 4 3 1 2 22 5 2 5 4 5 2 2 23 2 3 2 4 2 3 4 24 5 2 4 4 4 4 2 25 4 1 2 2 5 4 3 26 5 2 4 5 2 4 5 27 4 3 2 4 4 2 2 28 3 4 1 2 2 3 4 29 5 4 2 1 1 5 5 30 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 31 3 4 2 4 5 4 2 32 4 2 3 2 2 2 4 33 5 3 5 3 4 4 4 34 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 35 5 4 4 4 1 1 2 36 4 3 5 2 2 2 3 37 3 2 2 1 4 4 2 38 4 4 2 2 2 2 1 39 5 4 4 4 3 3 2 40 3 2 4 2 5 5 3 41 5 5 1 3 4 2 2 42 4 4 2 5 5 2 1 43 5 2 3 4 4 1 2 44 3 4 2 2 2 2 3 45 5 4 1 4 4 2 4 46 4 4 2 4 4 1 2 47 5 4 3 4 4 2 4 48 3 2 2 4 4 4 2 49 5 5 4 2 3 2 3 50 4 4 3 5 3 3 5 5. For Analytical; purpose the variables are denoting as below: How much satisfied are you on the overall infrastructure of the college? How much satisfied will you be if Laundry facilities are available? How much satisfied are you with the Hostel facilities of the college? How much satisfied are you with the gym? How much satisfied are you with the parking facility of the college? How much satisfied are you on the toilet facilities? How much satisfied are you on the structure of labs in the college? overall infrastructure Laundry facilities Hostel facilities gym parking facility toilet facilities structure of labs Mean overall infrastructure 3.88 Laundry facilities 3 Hostel facilities 2.66 gym 3.26 parking facility 3 toilet facilities 2.7 structure of labs 3.06 The average of the Overall infrastructure is 3.88 which indicated that on average people are recognizing the overall infrastructure as almost â€Å"GOOD†. When it was asked â€Å"How much satisfied will you be if Laundry facilities are available?†, the mean response is 3 which is Average. This is quite sensible because this facility is yet to be there in the college. Regarding â€Å"Hostel facilities†, the average response is below averages which indicate that there is some urgent need to repair this sector. Gym facility is slightly more than the â€Å"Average†. The condition is better than â€Å"Average† but less than â€Å"Good† In case of â€Å"parking facility† the satisfaction level is exactly â€Å"Average† which indicates that there is scope to improve the sector. Satisfaction level on â€Å"Toilet facilities† is below average which also requires urgent attention of the college authority. Structure of Labs also requires some kind of attention. 6. Drawing valid conclusions based on information derived from the survey Laundry The above diagram shows that 36% are saying good to Laundry facility and also 36% is recognizing it as Bad. Only 8% is saying it â€Å"very Good† and 8% is saying very Bad. Some kind of symmetrical situation is observed here. It seems that the service provider is paying good attention to selected individuals. Hostel facilities In case of Hostel 46% saying it â€Å"Bad† and this is a matter of concern. While discussing with Average values, the data indicates the same urgency. But at the same time it can be observed that 24% , which is in 2nd position as far as percentages in concern, is saying is good. It may indicate that some portion of the Hostel is having better situation than the rest. Also 6% feeling their accommodation as â€Å"Very Good†. Gym While discussing about Gym, which is yet to be established, 48% is in favour of this, out of which 42% saying it as a Good facility and 6% as â€Å"Very Good† facility. Parking The above diagram shows that 38% are saying â€Å"Bad† to Parking facility and also 30% is recognizing it as â€Å"Good†. Only 8% is saying it â€Å"very Bad† and 12% is saying â€Å"Very Good†. Toilet In case of Toilet 44% saying it â€Å"Bad† and this is also a matter of concern. While discussing with Average values, the data indicates the same urgency. But at the same time it can be observed that 22% is saying is good. It may indicate that there is also some better situation. Also 8% feeling as â€Å"Very Good†. Lab In case of Lab, which is more related to education, 46% is in favour of this, out of which 36% saying it as a Good facility and 10% as â€Å"Very Good† facility. 7. Trend lines Now as per the given question, the trend lines have to be created in the spreadsheet graph. For this purpose , here the intercept is considered as zero(0) and then the equation is shown alongwith the scatter plot and the trend line. Here the first variable â€Å"Overall infrastructure† is considered as the Dependent Variable and there are other six independent variable. Taking each Independent variables separately, the trend line along with the graph will be created. Case 1. Overall infrastructure and Satisfaction on Laundry: As shown in the graph, the required equation is Y=.732x Case 2. Overall infrastructure and Satisfaction on Hostel: The required equation is Y= .659X Case 3. Overall infrastructure and Satisfaction on Gym : The required equation is Y= .787X Case 4. Overall infrastructure and Satisfaction on Parking facility : The equation here is Y= .740X. Case 5. Overall infrastructure and Satisfaction on Toilet facility : Here the equation is Y=.656x Case 5.Overall infrastructure and Satisfaction on Toilet facility : Here the equation is Y= .735x 9.Business Report All the equations are formed considering the variables separately. In each equation, if value of x is given, the estimated value of Y will be obtained by solving the equation with simple calculation. The dependent variable is considered as â€Å"Overall infrastructure:† which actually says whether there is really any need of ‘refurbishing the whole college† or not. This dependent variable depends on several other issues/ factors as considered as Independent variable. So, taking care or giving attention on those areas actually help the project to take decision whether or not this could be done. The above analysis tells which area needs utmost attention and which area is somehow okay up to this. Based on the analysis, one could say that the two issues .i.e. Toilet and Hostel need to be addressed seriously. Assignment 2 Question No.1 X = scores of a market survey regarding the acceptability of a new product launch by a company Frequency Table with a class interval of 5 Class interval 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 frequency 2 0 1 1 6 2 10 8 2 Mean, variance and standard deviation. Mean () = ,where N = and Variance = ÏÆ'2= 2 Standard Deviation = Square root of variance. And Xi here will be the mid value of the class interval. The following table is being constructed for the required calculations. Class interval mid value(xi) frequency 5-10 7.5 2 10-15 12.5 0 15-20 17.5 1 20-25 22.5 1 25-30 27.5 6 30-35 32.5 2 35-40 37.5 10 40-45 42.5 8 45-50 47.5 2 247.5 = 32 Here mid value(xi) frequency 7.5 2 56.25 15 112.5 12.5 0 156.25 0 0 17.5 1 306.25 17.5 306.25 22.5 1 506.25 22.5 506.25 27.5 6 756.25 165 4537.5 32.5 2 1056.25 65 2112.5 37.5 10 1406.25 375 14062.5 42.5 8 1806.25 340 14450 47.5 2 2256.25 95 4512.5 247.5 = 32 = 8306.25 = 1095 = 40600 Mean = = 1095/32 = 34.22 Variance = ÏÆ'2= (40600/32) – (34.22)2 = 97.83 Standard Deviation = Square root of variance =9.90 Score corresponding to 50% percentile. 50% percentile is also the median. Here the data set has to be written in increasing order 8 8 18 25 26 26 27 27 29 30 32 35 36 37 38 39 39 39 40 40 40 40 41 41 42 43 44 44 45 45 48 49 There are 32 observations in all => There will be two middle values. The average of those two middle values will be the value corresponding to 50% percentile or the Median. Now since both are 39 implies the average is also 39. So, it could be said that the score 39 corresponds to 50% percentile. Calculate the location of third quartile. Rewriting the data set in increasing order: 8 8 18 25 26 26 27

The Man Who Was Almost A Man English Literature Essay

The Man Who Was Almost A Man English Literature Essay The Man Who was Almost a Man by Richard Wright, is a coming of age story that also showcases the main character, Dave Saunders, struggle with poverty and racism as well as his struggle to gain power. This short story mainly critiques the social structure of the powerful over the weak. It also as a theme of black vs. white. In the course of my essay I will give some background information on Naturalism, as well as how racism and a search for power affects Dave in the story and the journey this force takes him on. I will also demonstrate what the gun and the mule symbolize in the story. Naturalism writers such as Richard Wright write about characters that face environmental, social, or economic forces that they cannot control or overcome. In naturalist novels, humans are doomed by their own shortcomings. (Baym) Naturalism portrays humans as animals in the world. In Freudian terms, naturalist literature is written to show how the id has the upper hand over the superego and the ego. Naturalism comes to the conclusion that peoples choices are already determined by natural or scientific forces that make people behave in a certain way. In The Man Who Was Almost a Man, Wright makes the main character Dave Saunders a servant to racial hardship. He demonstrates how whites always have an upper hand over blacks. Dave is just like his parents; he is vulnerable to white men in power and money such as his boss Mr. Hawkins and the shop owner Joe. He will never have the power or the money to reach his full potential. Dave lives in a world where he has no power, whether it be personal or economic. In his eyes, he lives a life full of humiliation and abuse. He works a lowly job for money that is given directly to his mom, who with his dad, he is forced to obey. He is also subjected to constant belittling from the hands of his fellow field hands. He has a growing sense of shame that comes from the economic and social forces that keep him from going after his dreams and reaching his full potential. In turn, Dave sees that having a gun is his only option to gain respect and to establish himself in the community. In the short story the gun symbolizes all sorts of things. It stands for things he doesnt have such as power, respect, and independence. All of these things he is desperately seeking. This makes him see the gun as his only solution to overcome all of his struggles and to compensate for all of his shortcomings. He feels like the gun would make him a man even though he has no idea how to fire one. Dave also thinks that the gun would give him independence that he doesnt have. He somehow believes that the gun would get him out of the fields and give him bigger and better opportunities. The story follows along with history. Daves struggle with racism reflects the struggle of African Americans to get more rights and freedoms ever since the end of the civil war. Yes they were free but they were still lacking opportunities. Even though African Americans had tried to get equality and economic leverage in the 19th century, it did not become a movement until the 20th century. Many African Americans where stuck plowing lands for white owners with little compensation just like Dave in the story. Segregation also had a hand in making sure that blacks were kept in their rightful place. Eventually, however slowly, social patterns started to change because blacks began to move north for better opportunities. In the story, Dave suddenly leaves in the end which could pay homage to this movement or so-called Great Migration. This could also be shown to portray a refusal to accept the ways that his family and ancestors had been pushed into poverty and had hope and promise taken awa y from them. In the short story Dave says, Could kill a man with a gun like this. Kill anybody, black or white. And if he were holding his gun in his hand, nobody could run over him; they would have to respect him. (Wright) The gun serves as an equalizer. It blurs the color line making Dave think the gun will make others respect him. He thinks that if he has a gun, he will have power and respect over everyone whether they are black or white. It also is supposed to give him independence but it in turn does the opposite by making him even more committed and obligated to Mr. Hawkins since it will take him two years to pay off his debt after shooting Jenny the mule. In actuality, Dave associates having a gun with power which brings change but makes him take on a journey to adulthood that he was not quite ready for. The mule can symbolize Dave himself. The mule is a servant to the land and Mr. Hawkins. Dave feels like he is stuck just like Jenny. He is bonded to a plow with no rewards or hope of escape or becoming anything better than what he is. Dave feels that he is destined to be just like Jenny even stating, They treat me like a mule, n then they beat me. (Wright) Even though the death of Jenny is accidental, it can showcase Daves unconscious desire to get Mr. Hawkins. By getting rid of one of Mr. Hawkins symbols of power and money, Dave is lashing out at a social order and economic system that he will always be left out of because he is black. A common theme in the story is lying. Daves lies showcase that he is disconnected from the world and shows that he isnt prepared for adulthood. He is constantly trying to twist the truth to his favor. He does this to first buy the gun and then to avoid the punishment of killing Jenny. He lies to his mom to get the money to buy the gun by telling her that he plans to give the gun to his father after he buys it. He then lies about where the gun is saying he threw it in the creek so as not to give up the gun. This comes back to what Richard Wright is critiquing in his short story. He is showing that in the social order in the time that his story takes place, whites are superior to blacks. Dave is a slave to history. He feels he is destined to be just like the rest of his family. He feels like he will always be a slave to the whites. He craves respect and sees getting a gun as his way out when in turn it just makes him seem like a child, which is the opposite of what he was trying to do. By playing around with the gun instead of giving it to his mom like he was supposed to do, he shows that he is immature and not ready for manhood. It also leads to him killing an innocent animal. The story also shows that Mr. Hawkins was actually a kind man. Instead of firing Dave or demanding instant repayment, he offers him a repayment solution and lets him keep his job. However, Dave still resents him because of the power and privilege that he possesses. In conclusion, Dave is trying to overcome the social structure that is forced on him by buying a gun to make others see him as a man and not just some little boy and to give him power. His plan eventually backfires causing him humiliation and showing his immaturity. Also it ruins any chance of the adults around him showing him respect. The force that Richard Wright critiques in this story is the social structure of black vs. white and power vs. weakness. This impacts the main character Dave, who is an African American, to buy a gun to make him feel powerful over his peers including his white boss. Dave eventually tries to combat his failed plan by running away to better opportunities.

David Ricardo :: essays research papers

David Ricardo was born on April 19 1772 in London and was the third son of 17 children. His parents were very successful and his father was a wealthy merchant banker, making a fortune on the London Stock Exchange. When he was 14, Ricardo joined his father's business and showed a good grasp of economic affairs. However, he was disinherited by his parents when in 1793, he married a Quaker, so he set up on his own career as a stockbroker. He continued as a member of the stock exchange, where his ability won him the support of an eminent banking house. His success in this allowed him to retire at the age of 42. This enabled him to pursue his interests in literature and science, particularly in mathematics, chemistry, and geology. Along with Malthus, Ricardo was very concerned about the impact that rising populations would have on the economy. He argued that with more people, more land would have to be cultivated. However, the return from this land would not be constant as the amount of capital available would not grow at the same rate. In fact the land would suffer from diminishing returns. Extra land that was brought into cultivation would become more and more marginal in terms of profitability, and eventually returns would not be enough to attract any further capital. At this point the maximum level of economic rent would have been earned. The knowledge of comparative advantage enables countries to trade with other countries more efficiently and knowing the opportunity cost than are forgone and making the correct choices.It improves diplomatic relations between the trading countries.It also enables us to know which countries are relatively better at producing certain goods as compared to other countries.So,due to this theory,it allows trade between countries to improve their consumption of the goods in the market.

New England Vs Chesapeake :: essays papers

New England Vs Chesapeake Early English colonies in America hardly resembled the union of men and women that would later fight against England and build a new country. In fact, until the mid-eighteenth century, most English colonists had very little, if anything to do with the settlers in neighboring colonies. They heard news of Indian wars and other noteworthy events, not from the colony itself, but from England. The colonies in the New World appeared completely different and the prospect of any unity between them seemed impossible. The colonies in New England and the Chesapeake exemplify the many differences in the culture and lifestyles of the settlers, created mainly because of the fact that their founding fathers had held separate intentions when they came to the New World. The New England and Chesapeake colonies were both settled by immigrants from England, the New England colonies being founded by the English from East Anglia, an area in eastern England. Though this was an area thriving with small towns that they had generally liked, they decided to flee England due to religious persecution. Hundreds of families, men, women and their children, came in search of a New World where they could practice their beliefs freely. They founded colonies such as Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island as model Christian societies. Their cities upon the hills were guides, the lanterns, for those lost in the darkness of humanity, as John Winthrop meant by his famous statement. They formed a society of strict religious participation, actually very much resembling their homeland. In the beginning, many called themselves Puritans, and kept things very simple and plain, concentrating on what was important to them. They used the community to achieve t heir goals, building new towns and enjoying the social aspect of their religion. At the same time, they were committed to remain working hard to keep their community productive. They believed the â€Å"idle hands† were the devil’s workshops. An issue that really defined a split between the societies was the slavery conflict. The northerners in New England held true to their belief that every man shall be equal and no one should be enslaved, while the southerners in the Chesapeake area strongly believed in the use of slavery. At the same time the New Englanders worked to help end slavery by preaching to others about the injustices, they worked diligently to make education in their society strong.

Themes in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce :: A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

     Ã‚   James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is a novel of complex themes developed through frequent allusions to classical mythology.   The myth of Daedalus and Icarus serves as a structuring element in the novel, uniting the central themes of individual rebellion and discovery, producing a work of literature that illuminates the motivations of an artist, and the development of his individual philosophy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   James Joyce chose the name Stephen Dedalus to link his hero with the mythical Greek hero, Daedalus.   In Greek myth, Daedalus was an architect, inventor, and artisan.   By request of King Minos, Daedalus built a labyrinth on Crete to contain a monster called the Minotaur, half bull and half man.   Later, for displeasing the king, Daedalus and his son Icarus were both confined in this labyrinth, which was so complex that even its creator could not find his way out.   Instead, Daedalus fashioned wings of wax and feathers so that he and his son could escape.   When Icarus flew too high -- too near the sun -- in spite of his father's warnings, his wings melted, and he fell into the sea and drowned.   His more cautious father flew to safety (World Book 3).   By using this myth in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Portrait of the Artist), Joyce succeeds in giving definitive treatment to an archetype that was well established long before the twentieth century (Beebe 163).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Daedalus myth gives a basic structure to Portrait of the Artist.   From the beginning, Stephen, like most young people, is caught in a maze, just as his namesake Daedalus was.   The schools are a maze of corridors; Dublin is a maze of streets.   Stephen's mind itself is a convoluted maze filled with dead ends and circular reasoning (Hackett 203): Met her today point blank in Grafton Street.   The crowd brought us together.   We both stopped.   She asked me why I never came, said she had heard all sorts of stories about me.   This was only to gain time.   Asked me, was I writing poems?   About whom?   I asked her.   This confused her more and I felt sorry and mean.   Turned off that valve at once and opened the spiritual-heroic refrigerating apparatus, invented and patented in all countries by Dante Alighieri. (Joyce 246)    Life poses riddles at every turn.   Stephen roams the labyrinth searching his mind for answers (Gorman 204).

Phy31 Lab

Lab 2 Physics 190 Acceleration â€Å"g† Due to Gravity – Method 2 Introduction Tonight we will measure the acceleration due to gravity again. This time however, we will collect more data and the analysis will be different. We will first fit the data using a second order polynomial. Recall for a mass falling from rest, that 1 (1. 1) y ? a yt 2 2 Suppose a mass falls through n successively greater displacements, each time starting from rest. The displacements can be expressed a 2 y? ? y t? ; ? 1 n ? . (1. 2) 2 Analyzing the Data Data for y? is not linear in time t?. We have two unique ways we can analyze the data.The first is to simply plot the data with vertical displacement on the y-axis and time on the x-axis and perform a 2nd order polynomial curve fit. We can then extract acceleration from the coefficient of the 2nd order term. The second method involves transforming the nonlinear data into a linear form by means of the logarithm from which we can extract accelerati on. We are going to use both methods because it demonstrates the power of mathematics as a data analysis tool. Fitting the Data to a 2nd Order Polynomial Free-fall data is shown in figure 1 and has the form y ? At2 ? Bt ? C (1. 3) Figure 1.Free-fall plot (dots) and 2nd order fit (solid line). If we fit ideal free-fall data to equation (1. 3) we should find that B = 0, C = 0, and A = ay/2. If you look at the polynomial fit equation embedded in figure 1 you will see BWhitecotton Page 1 of 7 Lab 2 Physics 190 that B = -10-13, C = -10-14, and A = -4. 905. So the data is not perfect but essentially both B and C are zero while A = -4. 0905. If you compare the polynomial equation to our kinematic equation†¦ y ? At 2 ? Bt ? C a y ? y t 2 ? vyit ? yi 2 †¦it becomes immediately evident that B corresponds to initial velocity, C the initial position, and A = ay/2.If dropped from rest, initial velocity and position are zero. This all boils down to the fact that fitting a second order p olynomial to free-fall data should provide the acceleration due to gravity directly. Simply plot displacement (yaxis) vs. time (x-axis) and use Excel, Vernier, calculator, or any tool that will perform a polynomial fit of order 2. Then ay = 2A which in the example above gives ay = 2(-4. 905) = -9. 81. Using the Logarithm to Linearize Data and Fit We begin with equation (1. 2), generalize and take absolute value ay m y? ? t? . 2 Vertical in figure Time Equation (1. 4) is plotted as data belowDisplacement vs2. 5 (1. 4) 20 |y(t)| (m) 15 10 5 0 0 0. 5 1 t (sec) 1. 5 2 2. 5 Figure 2. Absolute value of vertical displacement versus freefall time. Taking the log we obtain ? ay ? ?. log ? yn ? ? m log ? tn ? ? log ? ? 2 ? ? ? mXn Y n (1. 5) B Equation (1. 5) has the slope-intercept form of a line. Plotting the log of the data of figure 2, we obtain figure 3. The curve fits a straight line that has the form of Y = mX + B with m = 2. 0108 and B = 0. 6896. BWhitecotton Page 2 of 7 Lab 2 Physics 190 Linearized Data 1. 5 y = 2. 0108x + 0. 6896 R2 = 1 1 0. 5 Log( |y(t)| ) 0 -1. 2 -1 -0. 8 -0. 6 -0. 4 -0. 2 -0. 5 0 0. 2 0. 4 1 -1. 5 Log(t) Figure 2. Linearized data from figure 1 data above. Recalling that B = log(|ay|/2) = 0. 6896, we can solve for the acceleration ay. Inverting we get ay ? 100. 6896 2 ay ? 4. 893 . 2 a y ? 9. 787 Recall that our lab is at latitude ? = 32. 745 °. Therefore the acceleration due to gravity in our lab should have magnitude g? ? 9. 795 . Computing experimental error we find ?a y ? g? g? ? ? 100% ? ?9. 787 ? 9. 795? ?100% ? ?0. 0863% . 9. 795 This is quite respectable but also uncharacteristically low for experiments in our lab. This experiment, if carefully done, can yield 1% error. BWhitecottonPage 3 of 7 Lab 2 Procedure Physics 190 Set up the apparatus as we did last week. See figure 3 below for typical arrangement – this should look familiar. Spherical mass to= 0 s Digital Timer 0. 013s tf = t Figure 3. Setup for the free-fall experim ent. You must complete 3 trials for each of 10 height settings. Use Table 1 to record data. Common Steps ? Set up the apparatus. ? ? Set the ball clamp to the first height y1 = 0. 53 m. ? Place the ball in the mount and measure the exact vertical displacement from the bottom of the ball to the compressed target mat. Please be sure to measure the displacement each time! Record the magnitude of y1 in Table 1 as your first of 3 trials. ? Make sure the timer is set in the correct mode and reset to zero. ? Release the ball and record the time of freefall in Table 1 as well. ? Repeat this procedure until columns |y? | and t? of Table 1 are complete. Polynomial Fit Steps ? Compute the means and record y? and t? of Table 1. ? ? Using your analysis tool of choice, plot y? vs. t? and label the axes appropriately. Fit a 2nd order polynomial to the mean data and instruct the tool to display the fit equation and the R2 value. You may need to omit a few of the lowest values if they are excessive outliers due to ? measurement uncertainty. This is legitimate when we understand equipment limitations. BWhitecotton Page 4 of 7 Lab 2 Physics 190 ? Compute ay from the 2nd order term: ay = _____________ m/s2. Show work here Log Method Steps ? Next, take log (use base 10) of y? and t? and complete the last two columns ? ? of table 1. Plot log( y? ) vs. log( t? ) and once again label the axes appropriately. Fit a 1st order polynomial (linear regression) to the data and instruct the tool to display the fit equation and the R2 value. You may need to omit a few of the lowest values if they are excessive outliers due to ? measurement uncertainty. This is legitimate when we understand equipment limitations. Obtain the y-intercept term B = log(ay/2). Compute ay from the y-intercept: ay = _____________ m/s2. ? ? Show work here Error Analysis Compute percent error for ay with respect to g? in the cases of the Polynomial Fit Method and the Logarithm Linearization Fit Method. Lastly compute th e percent difference between the acceleration values determined from these methods. Questions 1. What are sources of error in this lab? 2. Why is it necessary to use the absolute value of the displacements when computing the log values? . Which of these methods gave the best results and why do you think that is? 4. What does the R2 value indicate when curve fitting to data? BWhitecotton Page 5 of 7 Lab 2 Formal Lab Report Physics 190 I want you to write a formal report on this lab. Follow the guidelines described in the formal report document available on my Cuyamaca homepage. Your focus should be on tabulation of data and the analysis (plotting of both raw and linearized data) including error analysis. Your final results should be emphasized and any error(s) discussed with thoughtful insight.I want original work from each student with name and group name on the first page. Due ____________________ Logarithm Refresher Recall that the logarithm of an argument returns the exponent tha t operated on a base producing the argument. I know it sounds confusing. Let’s take a look. Suppose I had the number 1000. Well, 1000 is the same as 10 3. Here, 10 is the base and 3 is the exponent. If I operate on the value 1000 with the base-10 logarithm (denoted log10) like so, log10(1000), I obtain the result 3 which is the exponent that would operate on base-10 to produce 1000.The operation can be expressed log10 ? 1000 ? ? log10 103 ? 3 ? ? There are many rules for using the logarithm. A few important ones for us are shown in the following examples†¦ log ? k ? r ? ? log( k ) ? log(r ) ? d? log ? ? ? log(d ) ? log(b) . ?b? log c7 ? 7 log(c ) ? ? (See me or refer to the appendix in the back of the text if you need more help on logarithms) BWhitecotton Page 6 of 7 Lab 2 Table 1. Raw and processed data. Setup : Positions 1: Set y ? 0. 53 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 2: Set y ? 0. 66 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 3: Set y ? 0. 9 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 4: Set y ? 0. 92 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 5: Set y ? 1. 05 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 6: Set y ? 1. 18 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 7: Set y ? 1. 31 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 8: Set y ? 1. 44 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 9: Set y ? 1. 57 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean 10: Set y ? 1. 70 m trial 1 trial 2 trial 3 mean Physics 190 Raw Data Polynomial Logarithm log( y? t? y? t? y? ) log( t? ) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Use this table for data collection but make your own table in your report! BWhitecotton Page 7 of 7